The city itself is an inter-war oasis, depicted as being calmer in temperament than the raucous Spain of the novel, and indeed the characters engage in notably less drinking in Paris. The city depicted by Hemingway is a refuge for the shell-shocked young people of World War I, and it is in this setting that Jake Barnes works as a journalist. Paris, France: The novel begins in 1920s Paris, a hub of cosmopolitan artists and writers along with American expatriates and battle-scarred World War I veterans. Wilson-Harris is a fellow World War I veteran with whom Jake and Bill form an intimate bonds while spending time together in Spain. The owner of the inn in which the characters stay while at Madrid, and seeks to protect Pedro Romero from the tempting wiles of fame and foreigners. Francis ClyneĪ manipulative and controlling woman, is Robert Cohn’s significant other at the start of the novel. Count Mippipopolous is a war-battered veteran who also becomes infatuated with Brett while in Paris, though he exhibits an independence from her that none of her other lovers manage. Brett pursues a relationship with him, which annoys Mike especially. Pedro RomeroĪ handsome and talented young bullfighter, is in many ways the antithesis of Jake’s characters, having an aim in life as a masculine sportsman. His friendship with Jake Barnes is one of few genuine friendships in the novel, as shown by their interactions while enjoying the natural bounty of Spain. Bill GortonĪ World War I veteran (though not an expatriate), is a close friend of Jake Barnes whose good temper and humor buoy the group. Mike is extremely insecure about his penury, Brett’s promiscuity, and therefore drinks and fights his way through the novel as recompense. Mike CampbellĪnother World War I veteran traumatized by the experience of fighting, is a hard-drinking and perpetually-broke Scotsman who pursues Lady Brett throughout the novel. Cohn is also a magnet for anti-Semitic remarks in the novel, and his engagement with Brett makes him a magnet for the petty cruelty of the group. Robert CohnĪ Jewish college friend of Jake, is a wealthy dilettante who flits from occupation to occupation, Cohn also serves to represent the malaise at the heart of many of the Americans flooding Paris in the inter-war period. She loves Jake throughout the novel, but the two of them cannot pursue a relationship by virtue of Jake’s war wounds. An impulsive and sexually liberated woman, Brett is clearly meant to be a representative of the freer mores of the 1920s. Lady Brett AshleyĪ twice-divorced Englishwoman, is the lone woman of the group. Left impotent as a result of his wounds during World War I, Jake is a largely neutral and relatable presence who is a classic example of the Hemingway hero by virtue of his honor, individualism, and endurance in the face of hardships such as alienation from society.
Significance of the title The Sun Also RisesĬharacters in The Sun Also Rises Jake BarnesĪ wounded World War I expatriate veteran-turned-journalist, is the protagonist and narrator of the novel.